Saving Habits Changed Due to Harsh Economic Times

Have Spending/Saving Habits Changed Due to Harsh Economic Times Unique Food frailty is a difficult issue in many nations on the planet. It has been accepted that solitary individuals from underdeveloped nations experience food instability. Be that as it may, individuals in first world nations are additionally in danger because of increasing average cost for basic items. In spite of the fact that expenses of essential merchandise have ascended with time, compensation have remained the same.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Have Spending/Saving Habits Changed Due to Harsh Economic Times? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More People confronted with food weakness in underdeveloped nations look for food help. For instance, Kenyan government pronounced food instability a national fiasco in 2011 because of flood of evacuees from Somalia and dry season (United Nations, 2011). Subsequently, global associations gave food stuff. Numerous individuals in first world nations don't look for food help when they are confronted w ith food instability. In San Diego, over 3.7 million grown-ups were confronted with food frailty in 2009 (California Food Policy Advocates, 2011). Nonetheless, the majority of them didn't request food help. Reasons for food frailty incorporate low salary, significant expense of living and expanded joblessness rates. Albeit most survivors of food uncertainties don't request help, a couple of them have been vocal. Some compassionate associations have kept featuring the issue. (Jewish Community Foundation San Diego, 2011) In this paper, different causes and reactions of food weaknesses are recognized. The degree of the issue is broke down to give an unmistakable circumstance in San Diego County. Coded words are utilized to give an examination of food weakness. This paper use coded words from transcripts of meetings led in San Diego to distinguish the causes and monetary ramifications of food frailty. Speculation The theory is that few occupants of San Diego County in California who are confronted with food weakness have changed their spending and sparing propensities because of poor salary and increasing average cost for basic items. A few people acquire pay rates which are insufficient to cook for essential items including food. Others are not utilized by any means. This is a genuine issue which adds to food weakness in a few families (United Nations, 2003). The average cost for basic items has ascended as of late. Expenses of essential items have nearly multiplied in the last decade.Advertising Looking for report on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Business proprietors have exploited the rising interest for food to enhance themselves. Expanded food costs sway contrarily on low pay workers. A great many people have quit sparing and balanced their ways of managing money. Strategy for research The examination technique utilized in this paper is coding. This strategy is utilized to sort out and examine watchwords and expressions which are viewed as significant for the examination. Aftereffects of the coding have been given. They were acquired from transcripts of meetings directed in San Diego County. Aftereffects of the exploration are introduced on a page after the meeting transcript. Toward the finish of the exploration, an end will be attracted to clarify if the theory was bolstered or not. The meeting utilized in the exploration was led inside thirty minutes (Berg, 2009). Meeting Transcript I am a multi year elderly person living and working in Bostonia town in San Diego County. I have developed in this town from youth when my family purchased a house here. My dad was utilized as a farm orderly Yes, I have a family, a spouse and two three kids, two young men and a young lady. I work in a cigarettes production line. I have been working there throughout the previous 15 years and as yet standing. My activity isn't acceptable in light of the fact that I win a poor compensation. I would state 2008 was the most noticeably terrible year which I encountered food weakness. In 2001, there was a genuine food lack in some store yet they were not costly as it was in 2008. I would consistently think and inquire as to whether daily would go without agonizing over nourishment for my family. The financial downturn contributed a great part of the rising costs. Here in Bostonia, food and other essential products were over the top expensive contrasted with some other year. The vast majority of my companions and associates were grumbling about costly nourishments and essential items yet they despite everything went to stores and purchased them.Advertising We will compose a custom report test on Have Spending/Saving Habits Changed Due to Harsh Economic Times? explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally here in Bostonia, nourishments stuff and different items were simply costly however they were accessible in stores and food outlets. I ndeed, even at present, there are bounty essential wares however numerous individuals can't bear the cost of them due to low salary. Individuals who work in a store, production line and farms heartland have poor pay. Over the most recent ten years, there has been no critical compensation increase from most bosses. Outsiders have given modest work making it hard for living arrangement of Bostonia to request compensation increase. No, entrepreneurs are not so much capable. I accept they sell their products based of market rates since this issue isn't in Bostonia alone yet in addition in a few pieces of San Diego County. Now and again a year ago I went to Lake View to visit a companion and I discovered that they were likewise whining about costly food. He really disclosed to me that they have begun to spend less cash on extravagance to empower them cook for basic products. He additionally revealed to me that numerous individuals with poor pay are confronted with food frailty. This isn' t an instance of Bostonia alone. My child once companied about my ongoing adjusted use. My girl has been likewise pestering to her mom to be taken her out throughout the ends of the week. My significant other also has had a portion of her whines. I have not been taking her out as often as possible as I used to over the most recent ten years. I have decreased my investment funds because of costly items and danger of food weakness being confronted each and every day. Truth be told a few months I don’t spare by any means. In my family, we have consistently had three dinners per day however as of late I have selected to skip lunch once in a while to guarantee that I go through less cash since I have a poor pay. This has empowered me to manage the cost of the considerable number of necessities of my family. My kids go to class where they are given lunch. In spite of the fact that I in some cases skip lunch, my kids have their three suppers per day. My better half has no proper bus iness. Her main responsibility is to give child sitting administrations. This activity isn't completely reliable.Advertising Searching for report on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More She doesn't care for spending less in fundamental items however I generally work her out. She comprehends on the grounds that she knows everything is costly and we have to spend less cash on everything. No I am better than the vast majority in Bostonia in light of the fact that I have a steady activity in spite of the fact that with a poor pay. Those individuals with no conventional business are confronted with food weakness day in day out. They are compelled to spend less cash on everything due to their low pay. The vast majority of them don’t set aside any cash for sometime later. I heard that a few people in different towns were offered gifts to spare them from food uncertainty. Everyone accepted that in United States individuals shouldn't depend on food help however because of costly wares, individuals have been compelled to do anything which may assist them with surviving. Individuals here stay at work longer than required or do two distinct employments to expand their sa lary. In any case, not every person land these additional positions. I have not maintained two sources of income for my entire life however I have stayed at work longer than required to build my salary. My significant other then again can achieve more than one undertaking in a solitary day however she doesn't generally land the positions When she isn't working she does her errands at home including cooking and clothing. We cook in the house throughout the entire week. Some of the time as a family, we eat in food outlets. In any case, this possibly happens when we have something unique to celebrate about. To cook guarantees that we spend less instead of eat in eatery which is costly. No we don’t spare a lot of when we cook in the house however we guarantee that we maintain a strategic distance from the costly cafés. Food instability is an issue which ought to be distinctly tended to by the administration. Actually no, not through food help yet by enabling individuals to think of method of expanding their low pay or enhancing their poor compensation. This will guarantee that they can in any case purchase the costly fundamental wares and evade food instability. Businesses also ought to improve the poor pay rates they give their workers dependent on their exhibition. Data. Code sheet Analysis The aftereffects of word coding show that theory of the exploration is bolstered. Complete recurrence of watchwords and expressions which were distinguished is high. These words and expressions have demonstrated that the individual who was met is confronted with hard monetary time which has constrained him to decrease use. High recurrence of words likes ‘expensive’ and phrases like ‘spend less’ bolster theory of this exploration. Out of 16 words and expressions which were examined, the most noteworthy five in slipping request are; Expensive 11, Job 8, Food Insecurity 7, Poor Salary 6 and Spend less 5,. The numbers show that food instability is a major worry to individuals in San Diego County. Nourishments have become costly compelling individuals to spend less cash on different necessities. This is on the grounds that nourishments devour a large portion of their salary. Poor pay was likewise referenced as often as possible. This implies poor pay rates add to food uncertainty. The outcomes agree with a report from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2003) which notice poor salary and joblessness as the primary driver of food instability. Most members referenced the word costly more than some other word or expression examined. As indicated by Jew

Terrorism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Psychological oppression - Essay Example Starting with the Baader-Meinhof of Germany pack, which was likewise called the Red Army group (RAF) heretofore. It was a fear monger posse that existed in Germany from around 1968 and 1977 with heaps of Germans individuals as individuals. A posse that caused dread and threatened individuals including killed. The RAF was said to have broke out from the Revolutionary Army and kept on considering itself the Red Army Faction (RAF), the name which the vast majority considered it to be a model of Japan’s ‘Red Army’, while numerous others alludes it to Soviet Union’s Red Army. The key figures that drove the fear based oppression exercises of RAF were captured and imprisoned in 1972. Be that as it may, their exercises proceeded following hardly any years when another posse or its sort revive its existent, and therefore pledged to fear mongering until in the year 1998, when they had at last ‘hit-the-rock’, which finished to scares and killed of German individuals after at any rate 30 years of dread. In the interim, the factor of Baader-Meinhof demonstrations of psychological oppression in Germany that prompted looting of banks, seizing and killed in niches and crevices of the nation was their most prominent enthusiasm for world Revolution which thus denoted a defining moment in German’s after war period. In spite of the fact that Baader-Meinhof thought processes was upset that included the help of certain Germans understudies, yet a large portion of the individuals were not supporting how the insurgency was embraced. Hence, these sorts of individuals has upheld German government when it’s implemented law and affirmed it for battling psychological oppression. (B) The Tigers of Tamil Eelam, (LTTE) or the Tamil Tigers as it is famously known over the globe is another patriot psychological oppressor bunch that animated to battle for a free state in Sri Lanka, in regions involved by Tamils ethnic. All together for Tamil Tigers to accomplish this rationale, they adjusted to apply psychological warfare against those affirmed to

HellBound Bloggers Gets A Thesis Makeover

HellBound Bloggers Gets A Thesis Makeover Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!HellBound Bloggers Gets A Thesis MakeoverUpdated On 17/04/2017Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : EditorialShort URL : http://hbb.me/2oz34rM CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogChanges are unavoidable. This applies to everyone, even a blog too. So I forced myself to change in order to make a better blog in terms of design and optimization.Proud to say that HellBound Bloggers is smartly designed with Thesis theme (Current version 1.6) and Blogussion skin.Earlier I used StudioPress Church theme and I was satisfied with it, but it gave me a bad bounce rate and poor loading speed.Im waiting for your reactions and opinions on this new design. Cheers!If you are also facing these problems, better switch or try these tips :1. 30+ Tips To Reduce Your Site’s Bounce Rate 2. 20+ Tips To Improve And Increase Your Blog’s Loading SpeedCurrently the Logo is under Construction/ModificationR EADHellBound Bloggers Reloaded!

Perfect Domestic Wives - 1069 Words

Perfect domestic wives are expected to maintain a spotless home, raise angelic children, and preserve their energetic, polite exterior. Gender roles and freedom of women in the 19th century are the main themes in Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House.† The movement for women’s rights succeeded in Norway shortly after this time period. However, during the 19th century, Norway experienced peace which led to a concentration on the arts and theatre. New makeup and sets were brought into the theatre. Plays like â€Å"A Doll’s House† by Henrik Ibsen epitomized the new age of theatre, realism, in the 19th century. During the 19th century, Norway had resolved wars and began growing as a nation, Europe experienced the industrial revolution, and class systems developed into daily life. After fighting for many centuries to become an independent country, Norway finally found peace in the time period. The arts thrived led by Henrik Ibsen. 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An Overview of the Corporate Finance Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2311 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? One of the most critical decisions that every organizations needs to make in order to test its feasibility in the market, is the financial decisions. Corporate finance is that area of finance which gives the business enterprises the means to analyse and make financial decisions. It has a major goal to maximize the value of the corporate and at the same time manage the risks that are associated with the same. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "An Overview of the Corporate Finance Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order This discipline of corporate finance has majorly two different categories. They are long-term and short term categories. Decisions that are pertaining to capital investment include the choices of financing in equity or debt or to make payments in form of dividends to shareholders. The other form is the short-term decision making which is mainly concerned with balancing the working capital that includes current assets and current liabilities. In the present scenario, corporate finance has vast associations with investment banking. Today, an investment bank is used to make an evaluation of the financial needs of a firm and make means to provide for these needs. Corporate finance also varies from company to company. In US it talks about the techniques that are related to managing a companys finances where as in UK, it is more associated with investment banking. Nevertheless, the idea that the term carries includes all long and short term management of finance. (Corporate Finance, 2010) This paper deals with studying seven most significant areas of corporate finance, which help in a better understanding of investment decisions that a firm is required to make. They have been mentioned in the subsequent section. Basic Forms of Business Organizations There are basically four forms of business organizations. They have been mentioned as follows: Sole Proprietorship A business that is entirely managed by a single individual is termed as a sole proprietorship. It is not considered to be a legal entity. All the debts that are associated with the business is the sole responsibility of the individual who owns the business. The owner here has to file a personal income tax in course of running the business. Also, as the owner dies, the business terminated. It is also possible that the user sells his business and no longer remains the proprietor. General Partnership This is a form of business organization that is formed when two or individuals start a business for making profit. The percentage contribution of each of the partners corresponds to the profit share. All partners are equally responsible for the debts of the business and have to take responsibility of the actions of all involved in the partnership. The partnership incomes are also shown on the personal income tax returns of the partners. (Vernimmen, 2009) Limited Liability Company This is a more flexible for of a business organization where there are advantages of liability protection. Here the partners are not liable for the business debts. It is not appropriate for raising capital or for becoming public. It is associated with many periodic filings with the sate hence is more difficult to function as compared to a general partnership. Corporations This is the best form of business organization for raising capital through the same of equities. Here, a board of directors is appointed by the shareholders of the corporation and these board members decide the managing body. It does not diminish at the end of its members. Here, each of the members have to pay their respective taxes on dividends collected while the corporation its own taxes. It is more expensive to form as compared to partnerships. (COMMON FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANIZATION, 2010) Determinants of k Interest Rates There are basically five determinants of interest rates. The first one is the real interest rate (k*). This interest rate is free of inflation, risks. In US, it is calculated as the rates on Treasury bills subtracted by the expected inflation rate. The second determinant is inflation risk premium (IRP). This defines the average rate of inflation in course of the time that a security lasts. It generally constitutes of the largest part of the nominal rate. The third determinant is default-risk premium (DRP). This interest rate compensates for the chances the borrower would default for taking money. In US it is calculated as the difference between T-bonds rate and that of a corporate bond which has equal maturity and marketability. The next determinant is maturity premium (MP). This is a premium that is an additional over the real rate of interest which acts as a compensation for the exposure of security to the interest rate risk. With increasing maturity, risk increases. The final of these determinants is the liquidity premium. This compensates for the lack of ability of a security to get converted into cash at a value close to market value. On the basis of these determinants, k interest rate can be calculated as: k= k* + IRP + DRP + MP + LP Business Cycles and Yield Curves Yield curves are profoundly used as analysis tool of the financial markets. The Fed policy makers would soon be using it as one of the key indicators. It is more closely associated with the changes in inflation expectations. It can also be used in prediction of the real economic activity. As we have seen the determinants of interest rates where the expected inflation had been taken into account, yield curves help in forming interest rates that takes into account the future growth and interest rates as well. Yield curves also have long associations with business cycles. The reason for the same is that it gives the most suitable predictions for the business cycle turning points. Even though it is a complex terminology, it has a number of characteristics that are common with business cycles. Research says that whenever there is an expansion in the business cycle, there is a rise of both short and long rates and vice versa for the downturns. It has also been found that all occasions wh en the yield curves that have negative slopes, where the short rates exceed the long rates, the business cycle has been at its peak. Other than those times of unusual behaviour that the Government has shown, almost every expansion has seen short rates rising more than long rates and every recession has seen long rates rising more than short rates. This is the relation between business cycle and yield curves. On a further description of business cycles with yield curves, if one considers an expansion in the business cycle initially, with an improvement from the times of recession, there is an increase in the relative demand for liquidity which increases the short rates. As liquidity begins to tighten; the probability of short rates to continue climbing decreases. As a result, the liquidity premiums begin to shift. Now the rise in short rates does not pass on to long rates and the yield curve gets flatter. Now, the probability of future weakness takes height and therefore yields sprea ds hence increasing the gap between short and long rates. (Keen, 1989) Financial Markets and Institutions In course of its functioning over decades, financial markets have changed their definitions. Today, there are recognized as mechanisms that allow trade of financial securities, commodities and other items that carry value. The transaction costs associated are relatively low and the lower it is the more efficient the market is. Financial markets are basically associated with raisin capital, transferring risks, and also international trade. Securities here can be termed s receipts which the borrower issues to the lender who promises to pay back the capital taken. In return, some form of interests or dividends is expected by the borrowers. Financial markets could either be capital markets composed of stock and bond markets, commodity markets, money markets, derivatives, futures markets, insurance markets and foreign exchange markets. Also, there are primary markets which sell or buy newly formed securities and secondary markets which sell held securities or buy the existing ones. Talk ing about a financial institution, it provides financial services to its clients. They most significantly work as financial intermediaries. There are basically three types of financial institutions. There are deposit-taking institutions which are related to managing loans and deposits. They would be in the form of banks, credit unions, building societies, trust companies and also mortgage loan companies. The other types are the insurance companies and pension funds and the third type are in the form of brokers, underwriters and investment funds. Working as intermediaries, financial institutions are responsible for transfer of funds from investors to companies who require those funds. In other words, they are the ones who facilitate the flow of money. In most countries, financial institutions work under prudential regulations with due regard to consumer protection and stability of the market. (Vernimmen, 2009) Risk and Required Return In most general terms, a risky situation is that which has a certain probability of loss. As the probability of this loss increases, the chances of risk also increase. This can be described by virtue of probability distribution of the possible returns out of it. As far as the return is concerned, the most likely outcome of the same is measured in the form of expected value. If the distribution has been considered normal, the expected value if the arithmetic mean. The more is the expected value of return, the better is the investment. Variance and standard deviation are two important measures that check for risk measurement. In this context dispersion means a higher value of uncertainty that accounts for a higher value of risks. In order to calculate the required rate of return, there are two major factors that have to be taken into account. They are perceived riskiness of the investment and the required rate on making investments other than the ones chosen. So a required rate of re turn can be calculated as the sum of risk free return and the premium that is associated with the risks. Risk-free rate of return signifies the pure-time value of money. It is just the interest paid over the delay of consumption. As far as the risk premium is concerned, it can be classified as follows: Business Risk Financial Leverage Liquidity Risk Exchange Rate Risk Risk and return can be graphically understood by the following graph: Profit versus Wealth Maximization In the traditional times, profit maximization was of major concern and wealth maximization was hardly given any thought. But on further understanding the market, it was found that profit maximization was only about increasing profits not taking into account the need to larger market share, high value of sales, more amount of stability etc. Also, profit maximization did not take into account the difference between shirt-term, mid-term and long-term profits. Also, it did not include profits over time. Today, many organizations are running on the pillars of social responsibility. Profit maximization does not give any heed to the society which is certainly not agreeable in the present context. As far as present scenario is concerned, one can take it for granted that a company would flourish just on the ideas of profit maximization, Hence, came the concept of wealth maximization. As far as wealth maximization is concerned, it is majorly involved in increasing the Earnings per Share (EPS ) of a firm and also to maximize the present value of net worth of the system. One can define wealth here as the difference between the value of gross present worth and the investment which is required to achieve the benefits. Here, gross present worth is actually the capitalised value of the benefits that are expected. There is a discount on this value depending on the uncertainty factor of the benefits associated with the same. So, one can define wealth maximization here is the total cash flow at a particular time as compared to the profits at that time based on a certain activity. All those actions taken by a company where the net present worth is found to be above zero value, there are chances of creating wealth out of them. They should always be considered for wealth maximization rather than on the limited-scope profit maximization. (Profit Maximization vs Wealth maximization, 2007) Types of Financial Instruments Financial instruments are the trading entities in the financial market explained in the previous sections. These financial instruments are mentioned as follows: Equities It is a representation of ownership in a company. Stock markets are the places where the trade of equities can be done. There are chances of purchasing equities directly from a company by virtue of Initial Public Offer (IPO). It is generally considered to be a good investment in the long run but also has a large amount of risks associated with it. Ownership of equities makes a person, a shareholder of a company. (Vishwanath, 2007) Mutual Funds Here, a group of people are given the opportunity to put their money together as an investment and rely on professional organization to manage the same. It has a pre-determined financial objective. The major characteristics associated with the same are diversification in risks, efficiency of costs, management by professionals and sound regulation. Every company has different schemes under this context depending on the type of market requirements. Bonds These financial instruments are of fixed-income nature which has the sole purpose of raising capital from the market. Almost every institution whether private, financial, state or even central and other Government institutions use it to generate funds. Of these Government bonds have least risks associated but that comes with a low level of return as well. Deposits Surplus funds can be secured using investment in banks or through the deposits in post offices. As far as lying on the spectrum is concerned, they generally lie at a lower end but is effective for older people. Cash Equivalents These are of the safest forms of investment options. Hey are also highly liquid in nature. In modern terms treasury bills and also market funds are equivalents of cash. (Financial Instruments, 2011)

The Secret Lives Of The Brain - 1387 Words

Since the dawn of the age of technology, humanity has made massive progress in the study of the human brain. Specifically, humanity’s new technology has led to revelations about the way the brain functions, and continues to discover the neurophysical reasoning behind human actions. These new discoveries continue to disprove previous theories, and have now begun to affect the way society views and perceive criminal law and the way it operates. In his book Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain, David Eagleman argues that there is a deep problem regarding how we think about whether it makes sense to blame people for their actions. Eagle argues that, in light of recent technological medical advancements, the existence of free will is beginning to seem highly improbable, and that both simple and complex actions can be traced back to their neuroscientific basis, without first bypassing the conscious mind. 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International Journal On Consumer Behaviour â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Journal On Consumer Behaviour? Answer: Introduction Consumer behaviour can be understood as to how the people, groups, organisation, society, community select, buy, use, consume ideas, goods and services to satiate needs and wants. It refers to the actions which the consumers take in the marketplace and what are their motives behind the same. Its actually very interesting to notice and analyse, how customers identify their needs, and what goods and services they pick to satisfy those needs (Horner Swarbrooke, 2016) Marketers, on the other hand try to predict the behaviour of consumers before launching a particular product or services, to introduce new product in the marketplace by understanding the consumer behaviour and thus provide consumers with the product or services they identify with in their mind. (Solomon ,2014) In this report further, we will understand different models of consumer behaviour, which will make us, understand the purchasing behaviour of consumers. These models will help to identify how consumer thinks, what they needs give preference to, what are the latent needs and so on. Influencers of consumer behaviour: There are multiple factors which influence customer behaviour, before diving into the models, lets briefly see the elements influencing consumer behaviour Marketing factors: The 7Ps of Marketing, viz, Product, price place, promotion, packaging, positioning and distribution (Gifford Nilsson, 2014) Personal factors: These are the factors such as Age, gender, education income level (Cantallops Salvi, 2014) Psychological factors: Buying motives, perception of products and attitudes towards a product or service. Social factors: Social status, reference groups, friends family (Vigneron Johnson, 2017) Cultural factors: It consists of Social class, caste, religion and sub caste. Models of consumer behaviour: They can be categorized in 2 categories, Traditional Contemporary. Traditional Models Economic Model: This model states that a consumer focuses on getting maximum benefits while minimizing the costs. Thus the behaviour solely depends on his purchasing power. Hence the marketers here try to launch the product keeping in mind the competitors pricing and the maximum amount of money a consumer can spend out of his pocket. It can be understood as, if a customer gets a similar product for a lower price, he will surely buy that product, considering maximisation of his benefits at a lesser cost (Boland, 2014) Learning Model: The model is based on the assumption that the consumer behaviour is constrained by the need to satisfy his basic and his learned needs. Food, shelter and clothing forms the part of basic need and fear and guilt constitute learned needs. A customer will thus first fulfil the need that will provide him satisfaction .For example a hungry customer would first look to satisfy his hunger and then move to some of his expensive needs (Ho Bodoff, 2014) Psychoanalytic model: As the name suggest, it is a model which states that the behaviour his influenced by his conscious sub conscious. The extent of consciousness (id, ego superego) works towards influencing consumer behaviour towards his buying decisions. For example, a customer may get subconsciously hook towards the logo or some values associated with the company and hence end up buying that companys product over any rival brand (Gunter Furham, 2014) Sociological model: This is the model which stats that his buying behaviour is influenced and controlled by the society. The culture shapes his buying behaviour. To prove, a team manager and his team member may have different buying behaviour if they are working in the same company because of the position and the roe, but if they both are living in the same society and go to same places, they might end up buying the same products (Chen Tung, 2014) Contemporary Models Howard-Sheath model: Undoubtedly the contemporary model of the recent times; it focuses on the idea of stimulus-response to explain buyers brand choice behaviour over some time duration. There are 4 variables in this model Input variable: It can be understood as the stimuli that come from the environment influencing a consumers behaviour. The stimuli comes in the form of informational cues, explain the product, its features, its usage, pricing, differentiation, service availability. Significant stimulus is the real element which the buyer consists before buying a product. The buyer is directly influenced by attributes of the brand. Symbolic stimulus is factored in by manufactures representation of the product or services in the form of advertisement and its marketing strategies. Then comes social stimuli, where the reference group or peer group creates them and hence influence his buying behaviour. Output variables: These variables start from attention, brand comprehension, his attitude towards the product, than the buyers intent to buy a product and the actual purchase. Exogenous Variables: These are the variables which remains constant in the purview of this model. These can though have great impact on buyer behaviour, some examples of these variables are, financial status, personality variables, culture , social class etc. The Engel, kollat Blackwell model: The hypothesis for the EKB model can be seen as the customers perception of a want that must be satisfied. This then stimulates the search for information, internally (In his memory), externally from his friends, colleagues, neighbours and also from the market (advertisement, marketing collateral etc.). The process of search then identifies various ways in which the needs and the wants can be satisfied, thus leading the customer setting for the criteria by which he evaluates certain alternatives for the product , leading to emergence of attitude and beliefs which ultimately determines his choice (Wu Zheng, 2016) The Nicosia model: In this model, human being is treated as a system, with input as its stimuli and his behaviour as the output. The assumption of this model is based on the marketing view point of a consumer. It focuses on how the firm establishes its brand or product in the head of consumer and influences his purchasing power leading to the product usage and evaluation on a certain criteria. (Chand, 2016) Managerial Implication : In the age of big data, marketers must have access to all the consumers data related to their buying behaviour, the media they consume and give weightage to over others, to develop great communication strategies to target the customer. Based on the data marketers can analyse what product customers buy, what needs the customer gives more heads to, this will help the marketers come up with the right strategy to target the customers. Also, with the use of different consumer buying behaviour models, the understanding of consumers though process becomes easier and hence the positioning and the segmentation can be done accordingly. This goes a long way to satisfy the customers. Thus the right set of data, breaking it down to valuable information would help managers to understand the buying behaviour and pattern (Oliver, 2014) Conclusion: Customer is the king, he was and he will always be, hence it becomes really important to delve in the mind-set of customers in order to come up with a set of product or services which he would instantly consume. The consumer behaviour refers to that action that influences his behaviour towards buying particular product or services and giving a preference over competitors. The buying behaviour models, when understood with great clarity really helps the brands come up with relevant product and services for the customers. Hence, it is established that consumer buying behaviour models, in a great way helps the companies to come up with brilliant strategies to segment, target and position the product in the mind-set of the customer. References: Boland, L. A (2014),The Methodology of Economic Model Building (Routledge Revivals): Methodology After Samuelson, Routledge. Cantallops, A.S. and Salvi, F 2014, New consumer behavior: A review of research on eWOM and hotels, International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, pp.41-51. Chand, S.(2016), Model of Consumer Buying Process: Nicosia Model, McGraw. Chen, M. F Tung, P. J (2014), Developing an extended theory of planned behavior model to predict consumers intention to visit green hotels,International journal of hospitality management,36, 221-230. Gifford, R Nilsson, A.(2014), Personal and social factors that influence pro?environmental concern and behaviour: A review,International Journal of Psychology,49(3), 141-157. Gunter, B Furnham, A (2014),Consumer Profiles (RLE Consumer Behaviour): An Introduction to Psychographics(Vol. 5), Routledge.. Ho, S. Y Bodoff, D (2014), The effects of Web personalization on user attitude and behavior: An integration of the elaboration likelihood model and consumer search theory,MIS quarterly,38(2). Horner, S Swarbrooke, J (2016),Consumer behaviour in tourism, Routledge. Oliver, R. L (2014), Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the consumer, Routledge. Solomon, M.R 2014,Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being(Vol. 10), Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Vigneron, F. and Johnson, L.W 2017, Measuring perceptions of brand luxury. InAdvances in Luxury Brand Management(pp. 199-234), Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Wu, X. Zheng, Y (2016), Social factors that influence consumers decisions when buying second-hand cars in ChinaBased on EKB model, International journal on consumer behaviour, vol 5

Raymond Williams Essay Example

Raymond Williams Paper The term popular culture is one that carries much debate and hysteria into what it actually means. In developing my work I hope to touch upon the various different backgrounds that make up the theory of popular culture and attempt to understand what the term means. In order to investigate what popular culture is it is useful first to clarify what the words represent individually: Popular: liked or enjoyed or used etc. by many people; of or for the general public. Culture: developed understanding of literature, art, music, etc; type of civilisation: artificial rearing of bees, bacteria etc: bacteria grown for study- v. t. grow in artificial conditions. In addition to these standard definitions other meanings have been formed as the subject matter has advanced. Well liked by many people; inferior kinds of work; work deliberately setting out to win favour with the people; culture actually made by the people for themselves (Raymond Williams in Cultural theory and popular culture, John Storey, page 2, 1993) are all interpretations of the word popular. Culture too has alternative meaning, one of which the texts and practices of everyday life (John Storey, Cultural Studies and the Study of Popular Culture, page 2, 1993) involves the merging of two other definitions. As the definitions show the words carry different meanings depending on the context that they are used in. This is also true when the words are placed together, but a further influence has had an effect upon the term which has led to further clouding of its meaning, this being the concept of ideology. The ideas that form the basis of theory, ideology is something that not even Karl Marx was able lay down a clear definition of. We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Williams specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Williams specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Raymond Williams specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It shares much of the same ground with culture, yet there is one sector that separates them, politics. There are various definitions that make up ideology, with many of them implementing division between people, namely the powerful and the powerless. This divide can be constructed in many ways, one being the presentation of distorted texts or practices in society that result in the creation of a false consciousness. Furthermore it is also argued that the image of the world that texts create has to present a view, be it good or bad, the consequence of which means that the audience is being subjected to a political stance. Frenchmen Louis Althusser and Roland Barthes have also contributed heavily to this debate, with the former believing that social customs have been ambushed and resold as ideological practices, such as Christmas which provides society with a break in the hope that it will return to the workplace refreshed and looking forward to the next break, oblivious to its exploitation. Barthes meanwhile observed the effect connotations of words carry in texts and practices, whilst also looking at the hegemonic struggle (John Storey, Cultural Theory and Popular Culture, page 6, 1993) to control and create connotations by the powerful. And so it is that through a combination of culture and ideology the term popular culture has developed. It is at this point where conflict arises though over what the term really does mean, which has resulted in the creation of a number of theories. Culture that is widely consumed or liked, which can be measured through investigation of sales is one thought, but this then leads to further debate over what figure is set as popular. There is also the idea that whatever is left from high culture becomes its popular counterpart, but this then leads to conflict over what high culture is as certain texts or practices have at one point been part of both. An example of this being Shakespeares plays, which at the time of writing would have been seen as popular culture, but are now seen as high culture. The notion that it is mass culture, which then leads onto commercialisation and the Americanization theory.

Brigadier General Albion P. Howe - American Civil War

Brigadier General Albion P. Howe - American Civil War Albion P. Howe - Early Life Career: A native of Standish, ME, Albion Parris Howe was born March 13, 1818.   Educated locally, he later decided to pursue a military career.   Obtaining an appointment to West Point in 1837, Howes classmates included Horatio Wright, Nathaniel Lyon, John F. Reynolds, and Don Carlos Buell.   Graduating in 1841, he ranked eighth in a class of fifty-two and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 4th US Artillery.   Assigned to the Canadian frontier, Howe remained with the regiment for two years until returning to West Point to teach mathematics in 1843.   Rejoining the 4th Artillery in June 1846, he was posted to Fortress Monroe before sailing for service in the Mexican-American War. Albion P. Howe - Mexican-American War: Serving in Major General Winfield Scotts army, Howe took part in the siege of Veracruz in March 1847.   As American forces moved inland, he again saw combat a month later at Cerro Gordo.   Late that summer, Howe earned praise for his performance at the Battles of Contreras and Churubusco and received a brevet promotion to captain.   In September, his guns aided in the American victory at Molino del Rey before supporting the assault on Chapultepec.   With the fall of Mexico City and end of the conflict, Howe returned north and spent much of the next seven years in garrison duty at various coastal forts.   Promoted to captain on March 2, 1855, he moved to the frontier with a posting to Fort Leavenworth.    Active against the Sioux, Howe saw combat at the Blue Water that September.   A year later, he participated in operations to quell the unrest between pro- and anti-slavery factions in Kansas.   Ordered east in 1856, Howe arrived at Fortress Monroe for duty with the Artillery School.   In October 1859, he accompanied Lieutenant Colonel Robert E. Lee to Harpers Ferry, VA to assist in ending John Browns raid on the federal arsenal.   Concluding this mission, Howe briefly resumed his position at Fortress Monroe before departing for Fort Randall in the Dakota Territory in 1860. Albion P. Howe - The Civil War Begins: With the beginning of the Civil War in April 1861, Howe came east and initially joined Major General George B. McClellans forces in western Virginia.   In December, he received orders to serve in the defenses of Washington, DC.   Placed in command of a force of light artillery, Howe traveled south the following spring with the Army of the Potomac to take part in McClellans Peninsula Campaign.   In this role during the siege of Yorktown and Battle of Williamsburg, he received a promotion to brigadier general on June 11, 1862.   Assuming command of an infantry brigade late that month, Howe led it during the Seven Days Battles.   Performing well at the Battle of Malvern Hill, he earned a brevet promotion to major in the regular army.    Albion P. Howe - Army of the Potomac: With the failure of the campaign on the Peninsula, Howe and his brigade moved north to participate in the Maryland Campaign against Lees Army of Northern Virginia.   This saw it take part in the Battle of South Mountain on September 14 and fulfill a reserve role at the Battle of Antietam three days later.   Following the battle, Howe benefited from a reorganization of the army which resulted in him assuming command of the Second Division of Major General William F. Baldy Smiths VI Corps.   Leading his new division at the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13, his men remained largely idle as they were again held in reserve.   The following May, VI Corps, now commanded by Major General John Sedgwick, was left at Fredericksburg when Major General Joseph Hooker commenced his Chancellorsville Campaign.   Attacking at the Second Battle of Fredericksburg on May 3, Howes division saw heavy fighting.         Ã‚            With the failure of Hookers campaign, the Army of the Potomac moved north in pursuit of Lee.   Only lightly engaged during the march to Pennsylvania, Howes command was the last Union division to reach the Battle of Gettysburg.   Arriving late on July 2, his two brigades were separated with one anchoring the extreme right of the Union line on Wolf Hill and the other at the extreme left to the west of Big Round Top.   Effectively left without a command, Howe played a minimal role in the final day of the battle.   Following the Union victory, Howes men engaged Confederate forces at Funkstown, MD on July 10.   That November, Howe earned distinction when his division played a key role in the Union success at  Rappahannock Station during the Bristoe Campaign.          Albion P. Howe - Later Career: After leading his division during the Mine Run Campaign in late 1863, Howe was removed from command in early 1864 and replaced with Brigadier General George W. Getty.   His relief stemmed from an increasingly contentious relationship with Sedgwick as well as his persistent support of Hooker in several controversies relating to Chancellorsville.   Placed in charge of the Office of Inspector of Artillery in Washington, Howe remained there until July 1864 when he briefly returned to the field.   Based at Harpers Ferry, he aided in attempting to block Lieutenant General Jubal A. Earlys raid on Washington.    In April 1865, Howe took part in the honor guard that watched over the body of President Abraham Lincoln after his assassination.   In the weeks that followed, he served on the military commission that tried the conspirators in the assassination plot.   With the end of the war, Howe held a seat on a variety of boards before taking command of Fort Washington in 1868.   He later oversaw the garrisons at the Presidio, Fort McHenry, and Fort Adams before retiring with the regular army rank of colonel on June 30, 1882.   Retiring to Massachusetts, Howe died at Cambridge on January 25, 1897 and was buried in the towns Mount Auburn Cemetery. Selected Sources Find A Grave: Albion P. HoweOfficial Records: Howes Division at GettysburgAlbion P. Howe

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

International Business - Essay Example It becomes necessary to be stated in this regard that the rapid pace of globalization with regard to the worldwide economies observed in the current years has been assessed to be greatly dependent on the facet of fast progress in the field of technologies as well as science. The reason behind this rapid progress has been ascertained to be an outcome of the related environment where the market economic structure was observed to have been expanding across the world. The stated factor of progress or development has been observed to be triggered owing to the soaring splitting up of labor across the borders which has further been infiltrating into the production chains with respect to the ventures in relation to various countries (Tisdell & Sen, 2004). The processes related to the escalating degree of globalization, otherwise as well as economic are known to give rise to the facet of fresh economic modifications along with few political challenges with respect to every individual. The com petency possessed by the national governments in terms of acting autonomously with regard to the relevant economic as well as social policies tends to trim down as a result of the escalating international economic inter-reliance. The lesser degree of proficiency of the nationalized governments with regard to controlling the social, cultural, economic and environmental alteration implies the likelihood of a rising requirement for globally synchronized political activities (Tisdell & Sen, 2004). These particular activities are considered to be imperative in order to cope up with any kind of unwanted alterations in the mentioned variables for the reason of soaring extent of globalization followed by global interdependence. Therefore, the aspect of economic globalization can be stated to be the procedure related to international industrial re-modification and restructuring (Shangquan, 2000). The Legal and Political Environment Western Australia is believed to present such a business atm osphere or setting which is considered to support development and opulence. The degree related to sovereign-risk and government policies related to pro-growth has been measured to be quite less along with an increasingly proficient as well as innovative personnel or labor force makes the aspect of conducting business in the country to be quite worthwhile and uncomplicated. The structure of the government in Australia is found to be reliant and pursuant of a tradition that is known to be liberal democratic entailing freedom in relation to speech as well as association along with religious tolerance. The structure of government in the country follows a system of three-tier that is Federal or Commonwealth, Local and State. The Parliament of Australia along with the Government holds accountability regarding the matters relevant to National Interest for instance immigration, post as well as telecommunications, social security, banks, foreign affairs, defense, pensions, census along with statistics and coinage (Government of Western Australia, 2009). The legal structure in Australia has been found to have been developed in context with the British law. Major portion in relation to the law has been

Social Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Social Security - Research Paper Example Many of them were abandoned by their siblings. Some elderly were found living in sidewalks asking for alms and a number of them died due to health problem. In 1932, the citizens were somehow relieved from the effects of the phenomenon when Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected as president and introduced the New Deal programs (Rosenberg, n.d.). Few of the programs were aimed to help the farmers and lessen the unemployment rate across the country (Rosenberg, n.d.). Aiming to provide sustainable support and effective social security to the American nation, President Roosevelt signed into law the Social Security Act in 1935 (Social Security Administration [SSA], 2000). The legislation contained many provisions promoting the general welfare. Nonetheless, its most distinguishing feature was the social insurance program for retired employees aging at least sixty five years. The retirees were paid a continuing income right after they retire. The monthly benefits were planned to start in 1942 (S SA, 2000). In such case, the Social Security paid the retirees their benefits in lump-sum from 1937 to 1942. A retired motorman was the first retiree who received a lump-sum payment under the law (SSA, 2000). As a social legislation, the Social Security Act was designed to be adoptive to change. In the year 1939, it underwent a substantial amendment (SSA, 2000). The modification included two more benefits aside from the retirement benefits. The legislators added the dependents and survivors benefits. The former was made to benefit the spouse and minor children of the retired while the latter was for the family of the worker in case of premature death (SSA, 2000). In a sense, the amendment not only benefited the worker but also his or her family. As the economic situation of America began to regain strength, the amount of benefits to be received by the recipients was also increased. Moreover, the payment of monthly

John Stuart Mill Essay Example for Free

John Stuart Mill Essay British philosopher, John Stuart Mill, served many years as a member of parliament and worked diligently to bring forth liberal ideas. Amongst these ideas was the distinction of utilitarianism, or the act of doing what is right for the greatest number of people. Yet, just discussing the idea of right versus wrong for the masses was not enough, Mill’s determined there were two forms of utilitarianism; act, the direct form, or sanction, the indirect form. Much like formal logic with deductive and inductive reasoning, act and sanction utilitarianism strive for the same goal but have different ways of reaching it. Both forms of utilitarianism are seeking to find the best possible outcome for the largest number of people and using that as a measure of right versus wrong, yet by examining the differences of act utilitarianism and sanction utilitarianism, it will become clear that sanction utilitarianism is superior and more easily attainable. Focusing on act utilitarianism, this direct form works in maxims, expanding the contrast between right and wrong. â€Å"An act is right and just in its consequences for human happiness are at least good as any alternative available to the agent† (9). Thus, it is your duty to do the optimal act in a situation because anything other than the best act is a wrong act. Furthermore, Mills also comments that it is considered a â€Å"righteous† act if the consequences are just as good or better than any other action. Staying within the ideas of right or wrong, or when decisions seem to commonly be referred to as â€Å"black or white,† there is also an ideal of proportions to consider. Remember that the act is right is if brings happiness to the most people, but one is incapable of pleasing every person in every situation. Thus, Mills refers to the â€Å"Proportionality Doctrine† to tell what makes an act right or wrong. The Proportionality Doctrine states that acts are right if they promote happiness, or acts are wrong if they promote sadness. In act utilitarianism, each person is held to a duty to always make the best choices and perform the best actions. What that does though is â€Å"imply that I do wrong every time I fail to do the very best action, even when the suboptimal act that I perform is a very good deed. That may seem harsh and overly demanding† (11). Act utilitarianism is very demanding, having to always do the best thing all the time. What direct, or act utilitarianism implies is that if you fail to do the most optimal act then what you did was wrong, which is not always the case. In contrast to act utilitarianism, sanction utilitarianism allows gray space in between the black and white ultimatums. Mill’s writes: â€Å"because it makes the rightness and wrongness of conduct depend upon the utility of sanctioning that conduct in some way, we might call it sanction utilitarianism† (11). Here, Mill’s almost accepts that there are situations that will never be distinguished as exactly right and exactly wrong. Yet, Mill’s also struggles to let got of act utilitarianism since there usually are only two options. Thus, indirectly, an act is right if and only if its optimal to apply sanctions to its omission, whereas applying sanctions is right if and only if it is optimal is a direct action. â€Å"The only difference is that whereas sanction utilitarianism ties rightness and wrongness to praise and blame, act utilitarianism does not† (12). There are four kind acts that fall under sanction utilitarianism: 1. Wrong of forbidden acts are those whose performance it is optimal to blame 2. Permissible acts are those whose performance it is not optimal to blame 3. Obligatory acts are those whose omission it is optimal to blame 4. Supererogatory acts are permissible acts that are especially expedient (11) Here, these four actions seem to take on new meanings: while of course forbidden acts are optimal to blame negative reactions on (they are forbidden for a reason), it is now possible to see that the blame has a purpose behind it since the act caused proportionally the most damage. Unlike act utilitarianism, sanction utilitarianism is clear about which acts are sanctioned and which ones are not. In comparison, both forms of utilitarianism tend to seek the best possible outcome for he highest number of people, yet they have varying degrees of severity. People feel that when it comes to act utilitarianism, if you are not doing the best action each end every second, then whatever else you do is considered wrong. Living with the constant fear that your every action is scrutinized leaves those who practice act utilitarianism demoralized and deflated. It is also exhausting to have to be doing the best thing all the time and society does not naturally possess the ability to be a â€Å"hero† every waking moment. It would seem that sanction utilitarianism is more probable because it promotes a more feel good way of life. Your actions are all driven by a desire to do the right thing, but if you fail from time to time, as long as the intention was there, you are doing all right. â€Å"In arguing sanction utilitarianism, Mill’s claims that it allows him to distinguish duty and expediency and claim that not all inexpedient acts are wrong; inexpedient acts are only wrong when it is good or optimal to sanction them† (11). This means that sanction utilitarianism is more preferable and attainable than act utilitarianism when it comes to acts of duty. Therefore, a person would see this flexibility in sanction utilitarianism as a way to be seeking the righteous actions while being less demanding than act utilitarianism. Sanction utilitarianism is a superior alternative to act utilitarianism because it is flexible, forgiving and attainable. Humans are one of the most imperfect species on the planet and with highly evolved social politics; it is completely impossible to please everyone at the same time. Take into consideration the very foundation of democracy, selecting the best candidate for the job based on a populous vote. If everyone were voting under the basis of selecting the best person for the most number of people, then they would all vote for the same person. There has never been an election where a single candidate won every vote, and thus it proves that humans are incapable of behaving under complete act utilitarianism. On the other hand, it is good to hold yourself to the highest standards and expect the most out of yourself and think that you should always be doing the best thing. The flexibility of sanction utilitarianism is that individual morals and ethics come into play for each person, allowing them to wander between right and wrong finding the best outcome that may be a blend of the two. Take for instance the selection of which college to go to: your personality, likes, dislikes and more come into consideration and while the student wants to find a reputable school, they also have to find a place to call home for four years. If the student chooses the wrong location, it makes their lives miserable, their roommate’s life unbearable, and the family’s life saddened. Thus, the student had to balance every option and maybe give in on reputation for the best social fit, whereas under act utilitarianism, they would have picked a school solely on reputation alone since theoretically, that would lead them to the best possible outcome. Also, under sanction utilitarianism, if a choice is made and it turns out to be wrong, a new choice can be made to counteract the first giving sanction utilitarianism a sense of forgiveness. Combining these two ideals, flexibility and forgiveness, sanction utilitarianism reins superior over act utilitarianism because it is attainable. While both forms of utilitarianism are seeking to find the best possible outcome for the largest number of people, through examining the differences of act utilitarianism and sanction utilitarianism, it became clear that sanction utilitarianism is superior through its attainable qualities. In act utilitarianism the path for right over wrong is very demanding, requiring someone to always do the best thing all of the time. Ultimately, what direct utilitarianism implies is that you fail when what you did was wrong, which may not always be the case. Unlike act utilitarianism, sanction utilitarianism is clear about which acts are sanctioned and which ones are not, which allows someone to strive for their best but not harm them if they fail. Sanction utilitarianism is more preferable and attainable than act utilitarianism when it comes to acts of duty because a person would see the flexibility in sanction utilitarianism as a way to be seeking the righteous actions while being less demanding than act utilitarianism. While humanity is incapable of following act utilitarianism, the forgiveness built into sanction utilitarianism is preferred, since if the choice made turns out to be wrong, a new choice can be made to counteract the first. Combining these two ideals, flexibility and forgiveness, sanction utilitarianism becomes attainable for humanity and it rises in superiority over act utilitarianism.

Their Eyes Were Watching God: Personal Relationships Essay -- essays r

Zora Neale Hurston, in keeping with themes dealing with personal relationships and the female search for self-awareness in Their Eyes Were Watching God , has created a heroine in Janie Crawford. In fact, the female perspective is introduced immediately. "Now, women forget all those things they don't want to remember, and remember everything they don't want to forget. The dream is the truth. Then they act and do things accordingly" (Their Eyes 1). On the very first page of Their Eyes Were Watching God, the contrast is made between men and women, thus initiating Janie's search for her own dreams and foreshadowing the "female quest" theme of the rest of the novel. "Detailing her quest for self-discovery and self-definition, it [Their Eyes] celebrates her [Janie] as an artist who enriches Eatonville by communicating her understanding" (Kubitschek 22). Janie is a Black woman who asserts herself beyond expectation, with a persistence that characterizes her search for the love that she dreamed of as a girl. She understands the societal status that her life has handed her, yet she is determined to overcome this, and she is resentful toward anyone or anything that interferes with her quest for happiness. "So de white man throw down de load and tell de nigger man tuh pick it up. He pick it up because he have to, but he don't tote it. He hand it to his womenfolks. De nigger woman is de mule uh de world so fur as Ah can see," opines Janie's gr...

Power of Suppliers Essay

Another force is power of suppliers. Power of the suppliers is important as it will affect the industry. In airline industry, the power of suppliers is quite high since there are only two major suppliers which are Airbus and Boeing hence there are not many choices to airline industry. Nevertheless, the global economic crisis has limited the new entrant and also reducing the upgrade of planes in the immediate future. However, both suppliers provide almost same standard aircraft and hence the switching to Air Asia is low. The supplier of airline companies is the fuel supplier, food supplier, merchandise supplier and aircraft supplier. Other supplier like foods supplier and fuel supplier, the term of the supply must be based on the market condition. Hence, the supplier cannot increase too much of its price or risk losing long term business with the aircraft companies. Besides that, Airasia has high switching costs. Most of Airasia’s aircraft are Airbus models. Previously, the company used Boeing models, which they lease it and the company had since phased out most of the models and replace with Airbus. If Airasia is to switch to Boeing again, then the cost will be high. This is because training cost for employees to suit the aircraft features must be provided. Furthermore, the technology used by Airbus is the most advanced, thus Airasia must rely to the Airbus’ engineers to do maintenance of the aircrafts and seek advices. if the Airbus does not to cooperate with Air Asia, Air Asia will not have no suppliers to do the maintenance. nThus, bargaining power of suppliers is strong.

Text Message Scams

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is warning of a dangerous new breed of identity theft scams known as â€Å"smishing.† Similar to â€Å"phishing† scams — authentic-looking emails that appear to be from the victim’s bank, government agencies, or other well-known organizations — â€Å"smishing† scams are text messages sent to mobile phones. While the risks of smishing scams are potentially devastating, the defense is simple. According to the FTC, â€Å"Just dont text back.† How the Scammer Sets the Trap The scarily convincing smishing scams work like this: You get an unexpected text message appearing to be from your bank informing you that your checking account has been hacked into and deactivated â€Å"for your protection.† The message will tell you to reply or text back in order to reactivate your account. Other smishing scam text messages may include a link to a website you need to visit in order to resolve some non-existent problem. What a Smishing Scam  Text Message Might Look Like Here is an example of one of the scam texts: â€Å"User #25384: Your Gmail profile has been compromised. Text back SENDNOW in order to reactivate your account.† What’s the Worst That Can Happen? Do not respond to suspicious or unsolicited  text messages, advises the FTC, warning that at least two bad things might happen if you do: Responding to the text message can allow malware to be installed that will silently collect personal information from your phone. Imagine what an identity thief could do with the information from an online banking or credit card management app. If they don’t use your information themselves, the spammers may sell it to marketers or other identity thieves.You might end up with unwanted charges on your cell phone bill. Depending on your service plan, you may be charged for sending and receiving text messages, even scams. Yes, Unsolicited Text Messages Are Illegal Under federal law, it is illegal to send unsolicited text messages or email to mobile devices, including cell phones and pagers without the owner’s permission. In addition, sending unsolicited text or voice mail or telemarketing messages using a mass auto-dialer, so-called â€Å"robocalls,† is illegal. But There Are Exceptions to the Law In some cases, unsolicited text messages are allowed. If you have established a relationship with a company, it may legally text you things like statements, account activity alerts, warranty information or special offers. In addition, schools are allowed to text informational or emergency messages to parents and students.Political surveys and fundraising messages from charities may be sent as text messages. How to Deal With Smishing Scam Messages The FTC advises not to be fooled by smishing scam texts messages. Remember this: None of the government agencies, banks, or other legitimate businesses will ever request personal financial information via text messages.Take your time. Smishing scams work by creating a false sense of urgency by demanding an immediate response.Never click on any links or call any phone numbers in an unsolicited text or email messages.Don’t respond in any way to smishing messages, even to ask the sender to leave you alone. Responding verifies that your phone number is active, which tells the scammer to keep trying.Delete the message from your phone.Report the suspect message to your cell phone service carriers spam/scam text reporting number or general customer service number. Complaints about text message scams can be filed securely online using the FTC’s  complaint assistant.